Sustainable Technology of 2900

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Sustainable Technology of 2900 ?

While it’s impossible to definitively predict the future, here are some potential sustainable technologies that might exist by the year 2900:

Energy:

  • Fusion Power: Nuclear fusion, a clean and virtually limitless energy source, could be perfected and widely used.
  • Space-Based Solar Power: Solar energy could be collected in space and beamed down to Earth, providing a constant and abundant source of power.  
  • Advanced Energy Storage: Highly efficient and compact energy storage solutions could make renewable energy sources like solar and wind power even more reliable.

Environment:

  • Carbon Capture and Utilization: Technologies to capture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and convert it into useful products could be highly advanced.
  • Ocean Cleanup and Restoration: Advanced robotics and biotechnology could be used to clean up pollution and restore marine ecosystems.  
  • Geoengineering: Methods to safely and effectively manage the Earth’s climate could be developed to counteract the effects of climate change.

Resources:

  • Closed-Loop Recycling: Highly efficient recycling systems could allow for the reuse of almost all materials, minimizing waste and the need for new resources.
  • Vertical Farming and Aquaculture: Advanced techniques could be used to produce food in urban areas and in a sustainable way.
  • Desalination and Water Management: Technologies to provide clean and affordable water could be highly advanced, especially in water-scarce regions.

Technology:

  • Artificial Intelligence and Automation: AI could be used to optimize resource use and reduce waste in all aspects of life.  
  • Nanotechnology: Could be used to create new materials with unique properties, potentially leading to more sustainable products and processes.  
  • Biotechnology: Could be used to develop new biofuels, biodegradable materials, and more sustainable agricultural practices.

It’s important to remember that these are just possibilities. The actual sustainable technologies of 2900 will depend on the challenges we face and the priorities we set as a society. However, it’s clear that technology will play a crucial role in creating a more sustainable future.Sources and related content

What is Sustainable Technology of 2900 ?

Predicting the exact nature of sustainable technology in 2900 is a fascinating thought experiment! Here’s a breakdown of potential advancements, keeping in mind this is speculative but based on current trends and scientific possibilities:

Core Principles:

  • Circular Economy: By 2900, we’d likely have perfected a truly circular economy. This means:
    • Zero Waste: Almost all materials are endlessly recycled, reused, or repurposed.
    • Sustainable Production: Manufacturing processes are designed for minimal environmental impact, using renewable energy and closed-loop systems.  
    • Product Longevity: Goods are built to last, with easy repair and upgrades, reducing the need for constant replacement.  
  • Harmony with Nature: Technology aims to work in balance with ecosystems, not against them. This could involve:
    • Restorative Practices: Technology actively helps heal damaged environments (e.g., ocean cleanup, reforestation).
    • Biomimicry: Designs and systems inspired by nature’s efficiency and resilience.  
    • Localized Solutions: Technologies adapted to specific environments and needs, minimizing one-size-fits-all approaches.

Possible Technologies:

  • Energy:
    • Fusion Power Dominance: Safe, efficient fusion provides abundant clean energy.  
    • Space-Based Solar: Solar energy collected in space and beamed down to Earth.  
    • Ambient Energy Harvesting: Devices powered by capturing energy from their surroundings (vibrations, heat, etc.).  
  • Environment:
    • Advanced Carbon Capture: Efficiently removing CO2 from the atmosphere and oceans, with conversion into useful products.
    • Climate Regulation Technologies: Safe, localized geoengineering to manage weather patterns and mitigate climate change effects.
    • Ecosystem Restoration: Robotics and biotechnology used to repair and revitalize damaged ecosystems (forests, oceans, etc.).  
  • Resources:
    • Material Alchemy: Advanced nanotechnology to transform abundant materials into those that are scarce.
    • 3D/4D Printing at the Atomic Level: Creating anything on demand with perfect resource efficiency.
    • Urban Agriculture: Highly efficient vertical farms and hydroponics integrated into cities, providing local food.  
  • Technology:
    • AI-Driven Optimization: Artificial intelligence managing resource use, energy grids, and production for maximum sustainability.
    • Nanotechnology for Sustainability: Creating new materials with incredible properties (lightweight, super-strong, biodegradable).
    • Biotechnology for Solutions: Developing biofuels, bioplastics, and bioremediation techniques.

Important Considerations:

  • Global Cooperation: Sustainable technology in 2900 would require strong international collaboration and shared goals.
  • Ethical Development: Careful consideration of the social and ethical implications of advanced technologies.
  • Resilience: Systems designed to withstand unforeseen challenges (climate change, natural disasters, etc.).

By 2900, sustainable technology would likely be deeply integrated into every aspect of life, creating a world where human society thrives in harmony with the planet.Sources and related content

Who is required Sustainable Technology of 2900 ?

It’s interesting to think about who would “require” sustainable technology in 2900! Here’s a breakdown of why it would be essential for various entities:

  • Humanity as a Whole: The most fundamental need for sustainable technology in 2900 would be for the survival and well-being of humanity. By that point, the cumulative effects of climate change, resource depletion, and pollution might be severe. Sustainable technologies would be crucial to:
    • Provide clean energy and resources.
    • Maintain a habitable environment.
    • Ensure food security.
    • Support a thriving population.
  • Governments and Societies: Governments in 2900 would likely rely heavily on sustainable technologies to:
    • Manage resources effectively.
    • Provide essential services (energy, water, sanitation).
    • Mitigate environmental risks.
    • Foster economic stability.
    • Maintain social order.
  • Industries and Businesses: In a resource-constrained world, businesses would need sustainable technologies to:
    • Operate efficiently and minimize waste.  
    • Access and utilize renewable resources.
    • Meet consumer demand for eco-friendly products.
    • Comply with environmental regulations.
    • Remain competitive.
  • Individuals: Sustainable technology would be integrated into daily life, enabling individuals to:
    • Reduce their environmental footprint.
    • Access clean energy and resources.
    • Live in healthy and sustainable environments.
    • Participate in a circular economy.
  • Ecosystems: While not “requiring” in the same way as humans, ecosystems would depend on sustainable technologies to:
    • Recover from past damage.
    • Maintain biodiversity.
    • Adapt to changing environmental conditions.
    • Achieve a balance with human activity.

In essence, sustainable technology in 2900 would be a fundamental requirement for the continued existence and prosperity of human civilization, as well as the health and resilience of the planet’s ecosystems.

It’s important to remember that the development and implementation of these technologies would require a collective effort from all stakeholders – governments, industries, scientists, and individuals – working together to create a sustainable future.

When is required Sustainable Technology of 2900 ?

The need for sustainable technology isn’t something relegated to the year 2900. It’s required now, and the urgency only increases as time passes. While 2900 represents a point far in the future where the consequences of our current unsustainable practices could be devastating, the actions to avoid that future must happen in the present and near future.  

Here’s a breakdown of the timeline:

  • Now (The Critical Window): This is the most crucial time. We need to be developing and implementing sustainable technologies aggressively right now. The longer we wait, the harder and more costly it will become to address climate change, resource depletion, and other environmental challenges. Current actions (or inaction) will determine the state of the world in 2900.  
  • Near Future (Next Few Decades): In the coming decades, scaling up existing sustainable technologies and developing new ones will be essential. This involves:
    • Investing in research and development.
    • Creating supportive policies and regulations.  
    • Shifting societal norms and behaviors.  
  • Mid-Term Future (Next Century or Two): By this point, sustainable technologies should be widely adopted and integrated into all aspects of life. The focus will likely shift to:
    • Refining and optimizing these technologies.
    • Addressing any unintended consequences.  
    • Ensuring equitable access to resources and technologies.
  • Long-Term Future (Approaching 2900): Sustainable technologies will be absolutely essential for human survival and well-being in 2900 and beyond. They will need to be robust, resilient, and capable of adapting to long-term environmental changes.

In short, the “when” for sustainable technology isn’t 2900 – it’s now. The choices we make today will determine whether sustainable technologies are even sufficient to maintain a thriving civilization by 2900. We can’t afford to wait.Sources and related content

COURTESY : Voith Group

Where is required Sustainable Technology of 2900 ?

This is a great question that gets at the heart of why sustainable technology is so important! Here’s a breakdown of the “where” for sustainable technology in 2900:

Everywhere!

By 2900, sustainable technology would need to be completely integrated into every facet of human life and infrastructure. Here are some key areas:

  • Urban Centers: Cities would be designed as eco-systems in themselves, with:
    • Vertical farms and hydroponics providing local food.
    • Buildings generating their own energy through solar, wind, or other means.
    • Advanced public transportation systems minimizing pollution.
    • Waste management systems operating on a closed-loop principle.
  • Rural Areas: Sustainable technology would be crucial for:
    • Sustainable agriculture practices that protect soil health and biodiversity.
    • Renewable energy generation for off-grid communities.
    • Water management systems that ensure access to clean water.
    • Conservation and restoration of natural ecosystems.
  • Homes: Our living spaces would be equipped with:
    • Smart systems that optimize energy and resource use.  
    • Devices that allow for easy recycling and repurposing of materials.
    • Technologies that connect us to sustainable food production and local resources.
  • Transportation: Moving around would rely on:
    • Electric vehicles powered by renewable energy.
    • Advanced public transportation networks.
    • Potentially, new forms of transportation that are even more efficient and sustainable.
  • Industries: Manufacturing and production would be transformed with:
    • Closed-loop systems that minimize waste and pollution.
    • Use of renewable energy sources.
    • Production of durable, long-lasting goods.
  • Energy Infrastructure: The very foundation of society would be:
    • Dominated by clean and renewable energy sources (fusion, space-based solar, etc.).
    • Smart grids that efficiently distribute energy.
    • Advanced energy storage solutions.
  • Environment: Sustainable technology would be actively used to:
    • Monitor and protect ecosystems.
    • Clean up pollution and restore damaged environments.
    • Manage climate change through safe and localized geoengineering.

Beyond Earth:

  • Space Exploration: If humanity has expanded beyond Earth by 2900, sustainable technologies would be critical for:
    • Resource utilization on other planets or celestial bodies.
    • Creating self-sustaining habitats.
    • Minimizing environmental impact on other worlds.

In essence, sustainable technology in 2900 wouldn’t be confined to specific sectors or locations. It would be the underlying foundation of how human society functions, ensuring our well-being and the health of the planet, wherever we may be.

How is required Sustainable Technology of 2900 ?

The “how” of requiring sustainable technology by 2900 is complex and multifaceted. It’s not just about inventing cool gadgets; it’s about fundamentally changing how we live and interact with the planet. Here’s a breakdown:

1. Shifting Mindsets and Values:

  • Sustainability as a Core Principle: By 2900, sustainability would need to be deeply ingrained in human consciousness. It wouldn’t be an afterthought but a guiding principle for all decisions, from personal choices to global policies.
  • Interconnectedness: Recognizing the interconnectedness of human society and the natural world would be crucial. Understanding that our actions have far-reaching consequences would drive sustainable practices.
  • Long-Term Thinking: Shifting from short-term gains to long-term planning would be essential. This means prioritizing the well-being of future generations over immediate gratification.

2. Technological Advancements:

  • Continuous Innovation: Ongoing research and development in sustainable technologies would be vital. This includes advancements in energy, resource management, environmental remediation, and more.
  • Integration and Optimization: Technologies would need to be seamlessly integrated into all aspects of life, from homes and cities to industries and transportation systems. Optimization for efficiency and minimal environmental impact would be crucial.
  • Accessibility and Affordability: Sustainable technologies would need to be accessible and affordable for everyone, regardless of their location or socioeconomic status. This ensures equitable access to resources and a just transition to a sustainable future.

3. Systemic Changes:

  • Circular Economy: Transitioning to a truly circular economy would be essential. This involves minimizing waste, maximizing resource reuse, and designing products for durability and recyclability.  
  • Sustainable Infrastructure: Cities and infrastructure would need to be designed with sustainability in mind. This includes efficient transportation systems, renewable energy grids, and green buildings.
  • Policy and Governance: Strong policies and regulations would be necessary to incentivize sustainable practices and hold polluters accountable. International cooperation would be crucial for addressing global environmental challenges.

4. Behavioral Shifts:

  • Responsible Consumption: Individuals would need to adopt more sustainable consumption patterns, reducing their reliance on resource-intensive products and services.
  • Community Engagement: Active participation in local and global sustainability initiatives would be essential. This includes supporting eco-friendly businesses, advocating for sustainable policies, and educating others.
  • Adaptability and Resilience: Building resilience to the impacts of climate change and other environmental challenges would be crucial. This includes developing adaptive strategies for food production, water management, and disaster preparedness.

5. Education and Awareness:

  • Sustainability Education: Integrating sustainability education into all levels of learning would be vital. This ensures that future generations have the knowledge and skills to create a sustainable world.
  • Public Awareness: Raising public awareness about environmental issues and the importance of sustainable practices would be crucial. This involves effective communication strategies and engagement with diverse communities.

In essence, “how” sustainable technology is required by 2900 is through a combination of technological innovation, systemic changes, behavioral shifts, and a fundamental shift in human values. It requires a collective, ongoing effort from all of humanity to create a world where both people and the planet can thrive.

Case study is Sustainable Technology of 2900 ?

It’s tricky to do a traditional “case study” on sustainable technology in 2900 because we’re dealing with predictions and possibilities, not established facts. However, we can create a hypothetical case study to illustrate what it might look like and the challenges involved.

Hypothetical Case Study: The Revitalization of the Amazon Rainforest in 2850

Background: By the mid-28th century, the Amazon rainforest, once a vast and biodiverse ecosystem, had been severely degraded. Centuries of deforestation, unsustainable agriculture, and climate change had taken their toll. The region faced:

  • Loss of Biodiversity: Countless species of plants and animals had gone extinct.
  • Soil Erosion: Deforestation had left the soil vulnerable to erosion, making it difficult to grow crops.
  • Water Scarcity: Changes in rainfall patterns and deforestation had led to water shortages.
  • Climate Instability: The loss of the Amazon rainforest, a crucial carbon sink, exacerbated climate change.  

Challenge: The global community recognized the urgent need to revitalize the Amazon rainforest. This required a multi-faceted approach involving:

  • Reforestation: Planting native trees and restoring degraded areas.  
  • Ecosystem Restoration: Reintroducing native species and restoring ecological balance.  
  • Sustainable Agriculture: Implementing farming practices that protect the environment and provide food security.
  • Climate Change Mitigation: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to the impacts of climate change.

Solution: A combination of advanced sustainable technologies and innovative strategies were employed:

  • AI-Powered Reforestation: Drones and robots were used to plant trees at an unprecedented scale, selecting the right species for each location and monitoring their growth.
  • Biotechnology for Soil Restoration: Microorganisms and fungi were used to revitalize degraded soils, making them fertile again.
  • Vertical Farming and Hydroponics: Sustainable agriculture techniques were implemented to produce food locally, reducing the need for deforestation.
  • Advanced Water Management: Technologies were developed to capture and store rainwater, ensuring access to clean water even during droughts.
  • Renewable Energy Integration: Solar, wind, and other renewable energy sources were used to power the revitalization efforts, minimizing reliance on fossil fuels.
  • Community Involvement: Local communities were actively involved in the restoration efforts, sharing their knowledge and participating in sustainable economic activities.

Results: By 2850, the Amazon rainforest had made a remarkable recovery.

  • Biodiversity Rebounded: Many species that were on the brink of extinction were thriving again.
  • Ecosystems Restored: The rainforest’s ecological balance was gradually restored, with healthy populations of plants and animals.
  • Sustainable Food Production: Local communities had access to sustainable food sources, improving their livelihoods and reducing pressure on the rainforest.
  • Climate Benefits: The revitalized rainforest acted as a carbon sink, helping to mitigate climate change.

Lessons Learned:

  • Long-Term Commitment: Revitalizing a complex ecosystem like the Amazon rainforest requires a long-term commitment and sustained effort.
  • Technological Innovation: Advanced sustainable technologies played a crucial role in accelerating the restoration process.
  • Community Engagement: The involvement of local communities was essential for the success of the project.
  • Global Cooperation: International collaboration was necessary to mobilize resources and share knowledge.

This hypothetical case study illustrates how sustainable technology, combined with a strong commitment to environmental stewardship, could be used to address even the most challenging environmental problems by 2900.Sources and related content

COURTESY : Tech Evaluate

White paper on Sustainable Technology of 2900 ?

White Paper: Sustainable Technology in 2900: A Vision for a Thriving Future

Abstract:

This white paper explores the potential landscape of sustainable technology in the year 2900. Building upon current scientific trends and extrapolating into the future, it envisions a world where technology is deeply integrated with ecological principles, enabling human civilization to thrive in harmony with the planet. The paper examines key areas of technological advancement, societal shifts, and ethical considerations necessary to achieve a truly sustainable future.

1. Introduction:

The 29th century presents a unique challenge and opportunity for humanity. Projecting nearly a millennium into the future necessitates considering the long-term consequences of our current actions. This paper posits that sustainable technology will be the cornerstone of human survival and prosperity in 2900. It will not be merely an option, but a fundamental requirement for our continued existence.

2. Core Principles of Sustainable Technology in 2900:

  • Circular Economy Mastery: By 2900, the concept of a circular economy will have reached its zenith. Resource extraction will be minimized, and nearly all materials will be perpetually recycled and repurposed. Manufacturing processes will operate on closed-loop systems, generating minimal to no waste.
  • Biomimicry and Ecological Integration: Technology will be inspired by nature’s ingenuity. Designs and systems will mimic natural processes for efficiency, resilience, and harmony with ecosystems. Infrastructure will be seamlessly integrated with the natural world, enhancing rather than disrupting ecological balance.
  • Decentralized and Localized Solutions: Recognizing the diversity of environments and needs, technology will be highly adaptable and localized. One-size-fits-all solutions will be replaced by customized approaches tailored to specific contexts, fostering resilience and minimizing environmental impact.
  • Ethical and Equitable Development: The development and deployment of technology will be guided by strong ethical principles. Equitable access to resources and technologies will be ensured, preventing disparities and promoting social justice.

3. Key Technological Domains:

  • Energy: Fusion power will likely be the dominant energy source, providing clean, abundant, and safe energy. Space-based solar power and ambient energy harvesting will supplement terrestrial sources. Advanced energy storage solutions will ensure grid stability and reliability.
  • Environment: Advanced carbon capture and utilization technologies will actively remove CO2 from the atmosphere and oceans. Localized geoengineering techniques, carefully calibrated and monitored, will mitigate climate change impacts. Ecosystem restoration technologies, utilizing robotics and biotechnology, will revitalize damaged environments.
  • Resources: Nanotechnology and advanced materials science will enable the transformation of abundant elements into scarce resources. 3D/4D printing at the atomic level will allow for on-demand creation of goods with perfect resource efficiency. Urban agriculture and controlled-environment farming will provide sustainable local food production.
  • Information and Computation: AI will play a crucial role in optimizing resource management, energy distribution, and production processes. Quantum computing and other advanced computational paradigms will enable complex simulations and modeling for environmental management and planning.

4. Societal Transformations:

  • Sustainable Urban Living: Cities will be redesigned as eco-cities, integrating green spaces, vertical farms, and efficient public transportation. Buildings will be self-sufficient, generating their own energy and managing their own waste.
  • Global Collaboration: Addressing global challenges will require unprecedented levels of international cooperation. Shared knowledge, resources, and technologies will be essential for achieving a sustainable future.
  • Education and Awareness: Sustainability education will be integrated into all levels of learning, fostering a deep understanding of ecological principles and responsible stewardship.

5. Ethical Considerations:

  • Technological Singularity and AI Governance: As AI becomes increasingly sophisticated, careful consideration must be given to its ethical implications and governance. Ensuring that AI is used for the benefit of humanity and the planet will be paramount.
  • Resource Equity: Equitable access to resources and technologies will be essential for preventing social and economic disparities. Mechanisms for sharing resources and knowledge must be developed and implemented.
  • Planetary Boundaries: Human activities must remain within planetary boundaries to ensure the long-term health of ecosystems. Sustainable technologies must be designed and used in a way that respects these limits.

6. Conclusion:

The vision of sustainable technology in 2900 is not merely a futuristic fantasy, but a goal towards which we must strive. By embracing the principles of circularity, biomimicry, and ethical development, we can create a world where technology empowers humanity to thrive in harmony with the planet. The journey towards this future begins now, with the choices we make today. Investing in research, fostering collaboration, and prioritizing sustainability are crucial steps towards realizing this vision and ensuring a thriving future for generations to come.

Industrial application of Sustainable Technology of 2900 ?

It’s fascinating to imagine the industrial applications of sustainable technology in 2900! Here are some potential scenarios, keeping in mind this is speculative but based on current trends and scientific possibilities:

1. Manufacturing and Production:

  • Atomic-Level 3D/4D Printing: Imagine factories where anything can be created on demand, layer by layer, at the atomic level. This would allow for:
    • Perfect Resource Efficiency: Products are built with precisely the materials needed, minimizing waste.
    • Customization and On-Demand Production: Goods are tailored to individual needs, reducing overproduction and storage.  
    • Localized Manufacturing: Production can occur anywhere, reducing transportation costs and emissions.
  • Closed-Loop Material Systems: Industries operate on a truly circular model:
    • Zero Waste: All byproducts are captured and transformed back into raw materials.
    • Endless Recycling: Products are designed for disassembly and material recovery, ensuring they never end up as waste.
    • Sustainable Supply Chains: Industries rely on renewable resources and locally sourced materials.
  • AI-Driven Optimization: Artificial intelligence manages every aspect of production:
    • Energy Efficiency: AI optimizes processes to minimize energy consumption.
    • Resource Allocation: AI ensures resources are used efficiently and effectively.  
    • Predictive Maintenance: AI predicts equipment failures, reducing downtime and waste.  

2. Energy Production and Distribution:

  • Fusion Power Plants: Fusion energy provides clean, safe, and abundant power to industries:
    • Unlimited Energy: Factories have access to virtually limitless energy, powering even the most energy-intensive processes.
    • Minimal Environmental Impact: Fusion produces no greenhouse gases or long-lived radioactive waste.  
    • Decentralized Energy: Fusion reactors can be built in various sizes, allowing for localized energy production.
  • Space-Based Solar Power: Industries receive a constant stream of solar energy collected in space:
    • Reliable Energy: Space-based solar is not affected by weather or time of day.  
    • High Efficiency: Solar panels in space receive more direct sunlight than those on Earth.  
    • Reduced Transmission Losses: Energy is beamed down wirelessly, minimizing transmission losses.
  • Smart Grids and Microgrids: Energy is distributed efficiently and reliably:
    • AI-Powered Management: Smart grids optimize energy flow, reducing waste and preventing blackouts.  
    • Localized Microgrids: Industries can generate and manage their own energy, increasing resilience.
    • Energy Storage Solutions: Advanced batteries and other storage technologies ensure a stable energy supply.  

3. Resource Extraction and Processing:

  • Sustainable Mining: Mining operations are transformed with:
    • Robotic Mining: Robots and AI minimize environmental impact and worker risks.  
    • In-Situ Resource Utilization: Minerals are extracted and processed on-site, reducing transportation needs.
    • Mine Reclamation: Mining operations actively restore ecosystems and prevent pollution.
  • Advanced Material Processing: New technologies enable:
    • Material Transformation: Abundant elements are converted into scarce resources.
    • Nanomaterials: Materials with unique properties are created for specific applications.  
    • Biomaterials: Sustainable materials derived from biological sources are used in manufacturing.  

4. Transportation and Logistics:

  • Electric and Autonomous Vehicles: Industries rely on fleets of:
    • Electric Vehicles: Powered by renewable energy, eliminating emissions.  
    • Autonomous Vehicles: Optimized for efficiency and safety, reducing accidents and congestion.
    • Hyperloops and Maglev Trains: High-speed transportation systems connect industries and markets.
  • Sustainable Logistics: Supply chains are optimized with:
    • AI-Powered Planning: AI predicts demand and optimizes routes, reducing transportation costs and emissions.  
    • Drone Delivery: Drones are used for fast and efficient delivery of goods.  
    • Localized Production: Industries source materials and produce goods locally, minimizing transportation needs.

5. Environmental Remediation and Monitoring:

  • Advanced Carbon Capture: Industries actively remove CO2 from the atmosphere:
    • Direct Air Capture: CO2 is captured from the air and converted into useful products.
    • Ocean Carbon Capture: CO2 is removed from the oceans, mitigating acidification.
    • Carbon Utilization: Captured CO2 is used to create fuels, chemicals, and materials.  
  • Ecosystem Restoration: Industries contribute to:
    • Reforestation: Planting trees and restoring forests.  
    • Ocean Cleanup: Removing pollution and restoring marine ecosystems.
    • Biodiversity Conservation: Protecting endangered species and habitats.
  • Environmental Monitoring: Industries use:
    • Advanced Sensors: To monitor pollution levels and environmental conditions.
    • AI-Powered Analysis: To identify environmental risks and optimize mitigation strategies.
    • Real-Time Data: To track environmental progress and ensure compliance with regulations.  

These are just a few examples of how sustainable technology could revolutionize industries by 2900. The key is that sustainability would be deeply integrated into every aspect of industrial activity, creating a world where economic prosperity and environmental stewardship go hand in hand.

Research and developement of Sustainable Technology of 2900 ?

You’re asking about the long game of research and development for sustainable technology that far into the future! It’s a fascinating and complex question. Here’s how we might approach R&D for sustainable tech in 2900, keeping in mind this is highly speculative:

1. Foundational Research:

  • Fundamental Sciences: Continued exploration of physics, chemistry, biology, and materials science will be crucial. This includes:
    • New Energy Sources: Investigating advanced fusion concepts, exotic forms of energy, and potentially tapping into yet-undiscovered energy sources.
    • Material Science Frontiers: Exploring novel materials with unique properties, including metamaterials, nanomaterials, and biomaterials.
    • Understanding Complex Systems: Studying Earth’s ecosystems, climate systems, and the interconnectedness of natural processes to better inform technological development.
  • Artificial Intelligence and Computation:
    • Advanced AI: Developing AI systems capable of complex problem-solving, pattern recognition, and optimization for sustainable systems.
    • Quantum Computing: Harnessing the power of quantum computing for materials discovery, climate modeling, and other applications.  

2. Applied Research and Development:

  • Energy Technologies:
    • Fusion Reactor Design: Continued R&D on fusion reactor design to improve efficiency, safety, and cost-effectiveness.
    • Space-Based Solar Power Systems: Developing advanced technologies for collecting and transmitting solar energy from space.
    • Ambient Energy Harvesting: Investigating methods for capturing energy from the environment (vibrations, heat, etc.).
  • Environmental Technologies:
    • Carbon Capture and Utilization: Developing more efficient and scalable methods for capturing CO2 and converting it into useful products.
    • Climate Regulation Technologies: Researching safe and localized geoengineering techniques to manage climate patterns.
    • Ecosystem Restoration: Developing advanced robotics and biotechnology for repairing and revitalizing damaged ecosystems.
  • Resource Management:
    • Material Alchemy: Exploring nanotechnology to transform abundant materials into those that are scarce.
    • Closed-Loop Recycling Systems: Designing highly efficient recycling systems that can recover and reuse almost all materials.
    • Urban Agriculture and Food Production: Developing advanced techniques for growing food in urban environments and under controlled conditions.

3. Interdisciplinary Collaboration:

  • Convergence of Disciplines: Sustainable technology in 2900 will likely require collaboration across many fields, including:
    • Engineering: Developing new technologies and systems.
    • Science: Providing the foundational knowledge.
    • Environmental Science: Understanding ecosystems and their interactions.
    • Social Sciences: Studying human behavior and societal needs.
    • Ethics: Guiding the development and use of technology in a responsible way.

4. Long-Term Vision and Planning:

  • Forecasting Future Needs: Anticipating the challenges and opportunities of the 29th century and beyond.
  • Roadmapping and Strategy: Developing long-term plans for research and development in sustainable technology.
  • International Collaboration: Fostering global cooperation to address shared challenges and accelerate progress.

5. Ethical Considerations:

  • Responsible Innovation: Ensuring that new technologies are developed and used in a way that is ethical and sustainable.  
  • Equity and Access: Promoting equitable access to resources and technologies for all people.
  • Planetary Boundaries: Respecting the limits of the planet’s resources and ecosystems.

Important Note:

The R&D for sustainable technology in 2900 isn’t just about solving technical problems. It’s also about understanding human needs, societal values, and the complex interactions between technology and the environment. It requires a holistic and interdisciplinary approach that considers the long-term well-being of both humanity and the planet.

COURTESY : SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS

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^ Jump up to:a b c d e f Bosselmann, Klaus (2010). “Losing the Forest for the Trees: Environmental Reductionism in the Law”. Sustainability. 2 (8): 2424–2448. doi:10.3390/su2082424. hdl:10535/6499. ISSN 2071-1050.  Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International License

^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Berg, Christian (2020). Sustainable action: overcoming the barriers. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-57873-1. OCLC 1124780147.

^ Jump up to:a b c “Sustainability”. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 31 March 2022.

^ “Sustainable Development”. UNESCO. 3 August 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2022.

^ Jump up to:a b Kuhlman, Tom; Farrington, John (2010). “What is Sustainability?”. Sustainability. 2 (11): 3436–3448. doi:10.3390/su2113436. ISSN 2071-1050.

^ Nelson, Anitra (31 January 2024). “Degrowth as a Concept and Practice: Introduction”. The Commons Social Change Library. Retrieved 23 February 2024.

^ Jump up to:a b c d UNEP (2011) Decoupling natural resource use and environmental impacts from economic growth, A Report of the Working Group on Decoupling to the International Resource Panel. Fischer-Kowalski, M., Swilling, M., von Weizsäcker, E.U., Ren, Y., Moriguchi, Y., Crane, W., Krausmann, F., Eisenmenger, N., Giljum, S., Hennicke, P., Romero Lankao, P., Siriban Manalang, A., Sewerin, S.

^ Jump up to:a b c Vadén, T.; Lähde, V.; Majava, A.; Järvensivu, P.; Toivanen, T.; Hakala, E.; Eronen, J.T. (2020). “Decoupling for ecological sustainability: A categorisation and review of research literature”. Environmental Science & Policy. 112: 236–244. Bibcode:2020ESPol.112..236V. doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2020.06.016. PMC 7330600. PMID 32834777.

^ Jump up to:a b c d Parrique T., Barth J., Briens F., C. Kerschner, Kraus-Polk A., Kuokkanen A., Spangenberg J.H., 2019. Decoupling debunked: Evidence and arguments against green growth as a sole strategy for sustainability. European Environmental Bureau.

^ Parrique, T., Barth, J., Briens, F., Kerschner, C., Kraus-Polk, A., Kuokkanen, A., & Spangenberg, J. H. (2019). Decoupling debunked. Evidence and arguments against green growth as a sole strategy for sustainability. A study edited by the European Environment Bureau EEB.

^ Hardyment, Richard (2024). Measuring Good Business: Making Sense of Environmental, Social & Governance Data. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 9781032601199.

^ Bell, Simon; Morse, Stephen (2012). Sustainability Indicators: Measuring the Immeasurable?. Abington: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-84407-299-6.

^ Jump up to:a b c Howes, Michael; Wortley, Liana; Potts, Ruth; Dedekorkut-Howes, Aysin; Serrao-Neumann, Silvia; Davidson, Julie; Smith, Timothy; Nunn, Patrick (2017). “Environmental Sustainability: A Case of Policy Implementation Failure?”. Sustainability. 9 (2): 165. doi:10.3390/su9020165. hdl:10453/90953. ISSN 2071-1050.

^ Jump up to:a b Kinsley, M. and Lovins, L.H. (September 1997). “Paying for Growth, Prospering from Development.” Archived 17 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 15 June 2009.

^ Jump up to:a b Sustainable Shrinkage: Envisioning a Smaller, Stronger Economy Archived 11 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Thesolutionsjournal.com. Retrieved 13 March 2016.

^ Apetrei, Cristina I.; Caniglia, Guido; von Wehrden, Henrik; Lang, Daniel J. (1 May 2021). “Just another buzzword? A systematic literature review of knowledge-related concepts in sustainability science”. Global Environmental Change. 68: 102222. Bibcode:2021GEC….6802222A. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102222. ISSN 0959-3780.

^ Jump up to:a b c Benson, Melinda Harm; Craig, Robin Kundis (2014). “End of Sustainability”. Society & Natural Resources. 27 (7): 777–782. Bibcode:2014SNatR..27..777B. doi:10.1080/08941920.2014.901467. ISSN 0894-1920. S2CID 67783261.

^ Jump up to:a b c Stockholm+50: Unlocking a Better Future. Stockholm Environment Institute (Report). 18 May 2022. doi:10.51414/sei2022.011. S2CID 248881465.

^ Jump up to:a b Scoones, Ian (2016). “The Politics of Sustainability and Development”. Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 41 (1): 293–319. doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-110615-090039. ISSN 1543-5938. S2CID 156534921.

^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i Harrington, Lisa M. Butler (2016). “Sustainability Theory and Conceptual Considerations: A Review of Key Ideas for Sustainability, and the Rural Context”. Papers in Applied Geography. 2 (4): 365–382. Bibcode:2016PAGeo…2..365H. doi:10.1080/23754931.2016.1239222. ISSN 2375-4931. S2CID 132458202.

^ Jump up to:a b c d United Nations General Assembly (1987) Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future. Transmitted to the General Assembly as an Annex to document A/42/427 – Development and International Co-operation: Environment.

^ United Nations General Assembly (20 March 1987). “Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future; Transmitted to the General Assembly as an Annex to document A/42/427 – Development and International Co-operation: Environment; Our Common Future, Chapter 2: Towards Sustainable Development; Paragraph 1″. United Nations General Assembly. Retrieved 1 March 2010.

^ “University of Alberta: What is sustainability?” (PDF). mcgill.ca. Retrieved 13 August 2022.

^ Jump up to:a b Halliday, Mike (21 November 2016). “How sustainable is sustainability?”. Oxford College of Procurement and Supply. Retrieved 12 July 2022.

^ Harper, Douglas. “sustain”. Online Etymology Dictionary.

^ Onions, Charles, T. (ed) (1964). The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 2095.

^ “Sustainability Theories”. World Ocean Review. Retrieved 20 June 2019.

^ Compare: “sustainability”. Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.) The English-language word had a legal technical sense from 1835 and a resource-management connotation from 1953.

^ “Hans Carl von Carlowitz and Sustainability”. Environment and Society Portal. Retrieved 20 June 2019.

^ Dresden, SLUB. “Sylvicultura Oeconomica, Oder Haußwirthliche Nachricht und Naturmäßige Anweisung Zur Wilden Baum-Zucht”. digital.slub-dresden.de (in German). Retrieved 28 March 2022.

^ Von Carlowitz, H.C. & Rohr, V. (1732) Sylvicultura Oeconomica, oder Haußwirthliche Nachricht und Naturmäßige Anweisung zur Wilden Baum Zucht, Leipzig; translated from German as cited in Friederich, Simon; Symons, Jonathan (15 November 2022). “Operationalising sustainability? Why sustainability fails as an investment criterion for safeguarding the future”. Global Policy. 14: 1758–5899.13160. doi:10.1111/1758-5899.13160. ISSN 1758-5880. S2CID 253560289.

^ Basler, Ernst (1972). Strategy of Progress: Environmental Pollution, Habitat Scarcity and Future Research (originally, Strategie des Fortschritts: Umweltbelastung Lebensraumverknappung and Zukunftsforshung). BLV Publishing Company.

^ Gadgil, M.; Berkes, F. (1991). “Traditional Resource Management Systems”. Resource Management and Optimization. 8: 127–141.

^ “Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 16 September 2005, 60/1. 2005 World Summit Outcome” (PDF). United Nations General Assembly. 2005. Retrieved 17 January 2022.

^ Barbier, Edward B. (July 1987). “The Concept of Sustainable Economic Development”. Environmental Conservation. 14 (2): 101–110. Bibcode:1987EnvCo..14..101B. doi:10.1017/S0376892900011449. ISSN 1469-4387.

^ Jump up to:a b Bosselmann, K. (2022) Chapter 2: A normative approach to environmental governance: sustainability at the apex of environmental law, Research Handbook on Fundamental Concepts of Environmental Law, edited by Douglas Fisher

^ Jump up to:a b “Agenda 21” (PDF). United Nations Conference on Environment & Development, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 3 to 14 June 1992. 1992. Retrieved 17 January 2022.

^ Jump up to:a b c d United Nations (2015) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015, Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/70/1 Archived 28 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine)

^ Scott Cato, M. (2009). Green Economics. London: Earthscan, pp. 36–37. ISBN 978-1-84407-571-3.

^ Jump up to:a b Obrecht, Andreas; Pham-Truffert, Myriam; Spehn, Eva; Payne, Davnah; Altermatt, Florian; Fischer, Manuel; Passarello, Cristian; Moersberger, Hannah; Schelske, Oliver; Guntern, Jodok; Prescott, Graham (5 February 2021). “Achieving the SDGs with Biodiversity”. Swiss Academies Factsheet. Vol. 16, no. 1. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4457298.

^ Jump up to:a b c d e f Raskin, P.; Banuri, T.; Gallopín, G.; Gutman, P.; Hammond, A.; Kates, R.; Swart, R. (2002). Great transition: the promise and lure of the times ahead. Boston: Stockholm Environment Institute. ISBN 0-9712418-1-3. OCLC 49987854.

^ Ekins, Paul; Zenghelis, Dimitri (2021). “The costs and benefits of environmental sustainability”. Sustainability Science. 16 (3): 949–965. Bibcode:2021SuSc…16..949E. doi:10.1007/s11625-021-00910-5. PMC 7960882. PMID 33747239.

^ William L. Thomas, ed. (1956). Man’s role in changing the face of the earth. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-79604-3. OCLC 276231.

^ Carson, Rachel (2002) [1st. Pub. Houghton Mifflin, 1962]. Silent Spring. Mariner Books. ISBN 978-0-618-24906-0.

^ Arrhenius, Svante (1896). “XXXI. On the influence of carbonic acid in the air upon the temperature of the ground”. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. 41 (251): 237–276. doi:10.1080/14786449608620846. ISSN 1941-5982.

^ Jump up to:a b c UN (1973) Report of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, A/CONF.48/14/Rev.1, Stockholm, 5–16 June 1972

^ UNEP (2021). “Making Peace With Nature”. UNEP – UN Environment Programme. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

^ Jump up to:a b c d Ripple, William J.; Wolf, Christopher; Newsome, Thomas M.; Galetti, Mauro; Alamgir, Mohammed; Crist, Eileen; Mahmoud, Mahmoud I.; Laurance, William F.; 15,364 scientist signatories from 184 countries (2017). “World Scientists’ Warning to Humanity: A Second Notice”. BioScience. 67 (12): 1026–1028. doi:10.1093/biosci/bix125. hdl:11336/71342. ISSN 0006-3568.

^ Crutzen, Paul J. (2002). “Geology of mankind”. Nature. 415 (6867): 23. Bibcode:2002Natur.415…23C. doi:10.1038/415023a. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 11780095. S2CID 9743349.

^ Jump up to:a b Wilhelm Krull, ed. (2000). Zukunftsstreit (in German). Weilerwist: Velbrück Wissenschaft. ISBN 3-934730-17-5. OCLC 52639118.

^ Redclift, Michael (2005). “Sustainable development (1987-2005): an oxymoron comes of age”. Sustainable Development. 13 (4): 212–227. doi:10.1002/sd.281. ISSN 0968-0802.

^ Daly, Herman E. (1996). Beyond growth: the economics of sustainable development (PDF). Boston: Beacon Press. ISBN 0-8070-4708-2. OCLC 33946953.

^ United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313)

^ “UN Environment | UNDP-UN Environment Poverty-Environment Initiative”. UN Environment | UNDP-UN Environment Poverty-Environment Initiative. Retrieved 24 January 2022.

^ PEP (2016) Poverty-Environment Partnership Joint Paper | June 2016 Getting to Zero – A Poverty, Environment and Climate Call to Action for the Sustainable Development Goals

^ Boyer, Robert H. W.; Peterson, Nicole D.; Arora, Poonam; Caldwell, Kevin (2016). “Five Approaches to Social Sustainability and an Integrated Way Forward”. Sustainability. 8 (9): 878. doi:10.3390/su8090878.

^ Doğu, Feriha Urfalı; Aras, Lerzan (2019). “Measuring Social Sustainability with the Developed MCSA Model: Güzelyurt Case”. Sustainability. 11 (9): 2503. doi:10.3390/su11092503. ISSN 2071-1050.

^ Davidson, Mark (2010). “Social Sustainability and the City: Social sustainability and city”. Geography Compass. 4 (7): 872–880. doi:10.1111/j.1749-8198.2010.00339.x.

^ Missimer, Merlina; Robèrt, Karl-Henrik; Broman, Göran (2017). “A strategic approach to social sustainability – Part 2: a principle-based definition”. Journal of Cleaner Production. 140: 42–52. Bibcode:2017JCPro.140…42M. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.059.

^ Boyer, Robert; Peterson, Nicole; Arora, Poonam; Caldwell, Kevin (2016). “Five Approaches to Social Sustainability and an Integrated Way Forward”. Sustainability. 8 (9): 878. doi:10.3390/su8090878. ISSN 2071-1050.

^ James, Paul; with Magee, Liam; Scerri, Andy; Steger, Manfred B. (2015). Urban Sustainability in Theory and Practice: Circles of Sustainability. London: Routledge. ISBN 9781315765747.

^ Liam Magee; Andy Scerri; Paul James; James A. Thom; Lin Padgham; Sarah Hickmott; Hepu Deng; Felicity Cahill (2013). “Reframing social sustainability reporting: Towards an engaged approach”. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 15 (1): 225–243. Bibcode:2013EDSus..15..225M. doi:10.1007/s10668-012-9384-2. S2CID 153452740.

^ Cohen, J. E. (2006). “Human Population: The Next Half Century.”. In Kennedy, D. (ed.). Science Magazine’s State of the Planet 2006-7. London: Island Press. pp. 13–21. ISBN 9781597266246.

^ Jump up to:a b c Aggarwal, Dhruvak; Esquivel, Nhilce; Hocquet, Robin; Martin, Kristiina; Mungo, Carol; Nazareth, Anisha; Nikam, Jaee; Odenyo, Javan; Ravindran, Bhuvan; Kurinji, L. S.; Shawoo, Zoha; Yamada, Kohei (28 April 2022). Charting a youth vision for a just and sustainable future (PDF) (Report). Stockholm Environment Institute. doi:10.51414/sei2022.010.

^ “The Regional Institute – WACOSS Housing and Sustainable Communities Indicators Project”. www.regional.org.au. 2012. Retrieved 26 January 2022.

^ Virtanen, Pirjo Kristiina; Siragusa, Laura; Guttorm, Hanna (2020). “Introduction: toward more inclusive definitions of sustainability”. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. 43: 77–82. Bibcode:2020COES…43…77V. doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2020.04.003. S2CID 219663803.

^ “Culture: Fourth Pillar of Sustainable Development”. United Cities and Local Governments. Archived from the original on 3 October 2013.

^ James, Paul; Magee, Liam (2016). “Domains of Sustainability”. In Farazmand, Ali (ed.). Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 1–17. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_2760-1. ISBN 978-3-319-31816-5. Retrieved 28 March 2022.

^ Jump up to:a b Robert U. Ayres & Jeroen C.J.M. van den Bergh & John M. Gowdy, 1998. “Viewpoint: Weak versus Strong Sustainability“, Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 98-103/3, Tinbergen Institute.

^ Pearce, David W.; Atkinson, Giles D. (1993). “Capital theory and the measurement of sustainable development: an indicator of “weak” sustainability”. Ecological Economics. 8 (2): 103–108. Bibcode:1993EcoEc…8..103P. doi:10.1016/0921-8009(93)90039-9.

^ Ayres, Robert; van den Berrgh, Jeroen; Gowdy, John (2001). “Strong versus Weak Sustainability”. Environmental Ethics. 23 (2): 155–168. doi:10.5840/enviroethics200123225. ISSN 0163-4275.

^ Cabeza Gutés, Maite (1996). “The concept of weak sustainability”. Ecological Economics. 17 (3): 147–156. Bibcode:1996EcoEc..17..147C. doi:10.1016/S0921-8009(96)80003-6.

^ Bosselmann, Klaus (2017). The principle of sustainability: transforming law and governance (2nd ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-4724-8128-3. OCLC 951915998.

^ Jump up to:a b WEF (2020) Nature Risk Rising: Why the Crisis Engulfing Nature Matters for Business and the Economy New Nature Economy, World Economic Forum in collaboration with PwC

^ James, Paul; with Magee, Liam; Scerri, Andy; Steger, Manfred B. (2015). Urban Sustainability in Theory and Practice: Circles of Sustainability. London: Routledge. ISBN 9781315765747.

^ Jump up to:a b Hardyment, Richard (2 February 2024). Measuring Good Business. London: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781003457732. ISBN 978-1-003-45773-2.

^ Jump up to:a b Bell, Simon and Morse, Stephen 2008. Sustainability Indicators. Measuring the Immeasurable? 2nd edn. London: Earthscan. ISBN 978-1-84407-299-6.

^ Dalal-Clayton, Barry and Sadler, Barry 2009. Sustainability Appraisal: A Sourcebook and Reference Guide to International Experience. London: Earthscan. ISBN 978-1-84407-357-3.[page needed]

^ Hak, T. et al. 2007. Sustainability Indicators, SCOPE 67. Island Press, London. [1] Archived 2011-12-18 at the Wayback Machine

^ Wackernagel, Mathis; Lin, David; Evans, Mikel; Hanscom, Laurel; Raven, Peter (2019). “Defying the Footprint Oracle: Implications of Country Resource Trends”. Sustainability. 11 (7): 2164. doi:10.3390/su11072164.

^ “Sustainable Development visualized”. Sustainability concepts. Retrieved 24 March 2022.

^ Jump up to:a b Steffen, Will; Rockström, Johan; Cornell, Sarah; Fetzer, Ingo; Biggs, Oonsie; Folke, Carl; Reyers, Belinda (15 January 2015). “Planetary Boundaries – an update”. Stockholm Resilience Centre. Retrieved 19 April 2020.

^ “Ten years of nine planetary boundaries”. Stockholm Resilience Centre. November 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2020.

^ Persson, Linn; Carney Almroth, Bethanie M.; Collins, Christopher D.; Cornell, Sarah; de Wit, Cynthia A.; Diamond, Miriam L.; Fantke, Peter; Hassellöv, Martin; MacLeod, Matthew; Ryberg, Morten W.; Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter (1 February 2022). “Outside the Safe Operating Space of the Planetary Boundary for Novel Entities”. Environmental Science & Technology. 56 (3): 1510–1521. Bibcode:2022EnST…56.1510P. doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c04158. ISSN 0013-936X. PMC 8811958. PMID 35038861.

^ Ehrlich, P.R.; Holden, J.P. (1974). “Human Population and the global environment”. American Scientist. Vol. 62, no. 3. pp. 282–292.

^ Jump up to:a b c d Wiedmann, Thomas; Lenzen, Manfred; Keyßer, Lorenz T.; Steinberger, Julia K. (2020). “Scientists’ warning on affluence”. Nature Communications. 11 (1): 3107. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.3107W. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-16941-y. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 7305220. PMID 32561753. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

^ Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005). Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Biodiversity Synthesis (PDF). Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.

^ TEEB (2010), The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Mainstreaming the Economics of Nature: A Synthesis of the Approach, Conclusions and Recommendations of TEEB

^ Jump up to:a b c Jaeger, William K. (2005). Environmental economics for tree huggers and other skeptics. Washington, DC: Island Press. ISBN 978-1-4416-0111-7. OCLC 232157655.

^ Groth, Christian (2014). Lecture notes in Economic Growth, (mimeo), Chapter 8: Choice of social discount rate. Copenhagen University.

^ UNEP, FAO (2020). UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. 48p.

^ Raworth, Kate (2017). Doughnut economics: seven ways to think like a 21st-century economist. London: Random House. ISBN 978-1-84794-138-1. OCLC 974194745.

^ Jump up to:a b c d e Berg, Christian (2017). “Shaping the Future Sustainably – Types of Barriers and Tentative Action Principles (chapter in: Future Scenarios of Global Cooperation—Practices and Challenges)”. Global Dialogues (14). Centre For Global Cooperation Research (KHK/GCR21), Nora Dahlhaus and Daniela Weißkopf (eds.). doi:10.14282/2198-0403-GD-14. ISSN 2198-0403.

^ Jump up to:a b c d Pickering, Jonathan; Hickmann, Thomas; Bäckstrand, Karin; Kalfagianni, Agni; Bloomfield, Michael; Mert, Ayşem; Ransan-Cooper, Hedda; Lo, Alex Y. (2022). “Democratising sustainability transformations: Assessing the transformative potential of democratic practices in environmental governance”. Earth System Governance. 11: 100131. Bibcode:2022ESGov..1100131P. doi:10.1016/j.esg.2021.100131.  Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

^ European Environment Agency. (2019). Sustainability transitions: policy and practice. LU: Publications Office. doi:10.2800/641030. ISBN 9789294800862.

^ Noura Guimarães, Lucas (2020). “Introduction”. The regulation and policy of Latin American energy transitions. Elsevier. pp. xxix–xxxviii. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819521-5.00026-7. ISBN 978-0-12-819521-5. S2CID 241093198.

^ Kuenkel, Petra (2019). Stewarding Sustainability Transformations: An Emerging Theory and Practice of SDG Implementation. Cham: Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-03691-1. OCLC 1080190654.

^ Fletcher, Charles; Ripple, William J.; Newsome, Thomas; Barnard, Phoebe; Beamer, Kamanamaikalani; Behl, Aishwarya; Bowen, Jay; Cooney, Michael; Crist, Eileen; Field, Christopher; Hiser, Krista; Karl, David M.; King, David A.; Mann, Michael E.; McGregor, Davianna P.; Mora, Camilo; Oreskes, Naomi; Wilson, Michael (4 April 2024). “Earth at risk: An urgent call to end the age of destruction and forge a just and sustainable future”. PNAS Nexus. 3 (4): pgae106. doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae106. PMC 10986754. PMID 38566756. Retrieved 4 April 2024.  Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

^ Smith, E. T. (23 January 2024). “Practising Commoning”. The Commons Social Change Library. Retrieved 23 February 2024.

^ Jump up to:a b Haberl, Helmut; Wiedenhofer, Dominik; Virág, Doris; Kalt, Gerald; Plank, Barbara; Brockway, Paul; Fishman, Tomer; Hausknost, Daniel; Krausmann, Fridolin; Leon-Gruchalski, Bartholomäus; Mayer, Andreas (2020). “A systematic review of the evidence on decoupling of GDP, resource use and GHG emissions, part II: synthesizing the insights”. Environmental Research Letters. 15 (6): 065003. Bibcode:2020ERL….15f5003H. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab842a. ISSN 1748-9326. S2CID 216453887.

^ Pigou, Arthur Cecil (1932). The Economics of Welfare (PDF) (4th ed.). London: Macmillan.

^ Jaeger, William K. (2005). Environmental economics for tree huggers and other skeptics. Washington, DC: Island Press. ISBN 978-1-4416-0111-7. OCLC 232157655.

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