
Sustainable Technology of 2220 ?
Sustainable Technology of 2220: A Glimpse into the Future
Sustainable technology in 2220 is likely to be vastly different from what we know today. It’s difficult to predict the exact technologies that will be prevalent, but we can make some educated guesses based on current trends and advancements. Here are a few potential examples:
1. Self-Healing Materials:
- Concept: Materials that can repair themselves autonomously, reducing waste and extending the lifespan of products.
- Applications: Buildings, vehicles, electronics, and even human tissues could benefit from self-healing materials.
2. Bio-Inspired Technology:
- Concept: Technologies inspired by nature’s efficient and sustainable designs.
- Applications: Solar cells mimicking photosynthesis, wind turbines inspired by bird wings, and water filtration systems based on plant roots.
3. Closed-Loop Systems:
- Concept: Systems that minimize waste by recycling and reusing resources in a continuous loop.
- Applications: Manufacturing processes, food production, and energy generation could all benefit from closed-loop systems.
4. Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Sustainability:
- Concept: AI algorithms optimizing resource allocation, predicting environmental changes, and developing innovative solutions to sustainability challenges.
- Applications: Precision agriculture, smart grids, and climate change mitigation could all be revolutionized by AI.
5. Space-Based Solar Power:
- Concept: Collecting solar energy in space and beaming it down to Earth, bypassing atmospheric limitations.
- Applications: Providing a constant, clean energy source for a globalized society.
6. Advanced Nanotechnology:
- Concept: Manipulating matter at the atomic and molecular level to create new materials and devices with unprecedented properties.
- Applications: Nanotechnology could revolutionize energy storage, water purification, and environmental remediation.
7. Geoengineering:
- Concept: Large-scale interventions in Earth’s systems to counteract climate change.
- Applications: Carbon capture and storage, solar radiation management, and weather modification could all be considered forms of geoengineering.
It’s important to note that the development and implementation of these technologies will require careful consideration of ethical, social, and environmental implications. However, by embracing sustainable technology, we can create a more resilient and equitable future for all.Sources and related content
What is Sustainable Technology of 2220 ?
Sustainable Technology of 2220: A Glimpse into the Future
Sustainable technology in 2220 is likely to be vastly different from what we know today. It’s difficult to predict the exact technologies that will be prevalent, but we can make some educated guesses based on current trends and advancements. Here are a few potential examples:
1. Self-Healing Materials:
- Concept: Materials that can repair themselves autonomously, reducing waste and extending the lifespan of products.
- Applications: Buildings, vehicles, electronics, and even human tissues could benefit from self-healing materials.
2. Bio-Inspired Technology:
- Concept: Technologies inspired by nature’s efficient and sustainable designs.
- Applications: Solar cells mimicking photosynthesis, wind turbines inspired by bird wings, and water filtration systems based on plant roots.
3. Closed-Loop Systems:
- Concept: Systems that minimize waste by recycling and reusing resources in a continuous loop.
- Applications: Manufacturing processes, food production, and energy generation could all benefit from closed-loop systems.
4. Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Sustainability:
- Concept: AI algorithms optimizing resource allocation, predicting environmental changes, and developing innovative solutions to sustainability challenges.
- Applications: Precision agriculture, smart grids, and climate change mitigation could all be revolutionized by AI.
5. Space-Based Solar Power:
- Concept: Collecting solar energy in space and beaming it down to Earth, bypassing atmospheric limitations.
- Applications: Providing a constant, clean energy source for a globalized society.
6. Advanced Nanotechnology:
- Concept: Manipulating matter at the atomic and molecular level to create new materials and devices with unprecedented properties.
- Applications: Nanotechnology could revolutionize energy storage, water purification, and environmental remediation.
7. Geoengineering:
- Concept: Large-scale interventions in Earth’s systems to counteract climate change.
- Applications: Carbon capture and storage, solar radiation management, and weather modification could all be considered forms of geoengineering.
It’s important to note that the development and implementation of these technologies will require careful consideration of ethical, social, and environmental implications. However, by embracing sustainable technology, we can create a more resilient and equitable future for all.Sources and related content
Who is required Sustainable Technology of 2220 ?
The term “Sustainable Technology of 2220” is a hypothetical concept. There is no specific standard or regulation with that exact name.
However, the term “Std 2220” does refer to a real document:
- API Std 2220: This is a standard developed by the American Petroleum Institute (API) for Contractor Safety Performance.
Who is required to adhere to API Std 2220?
- Contractors: Companies that perform contract work for the petroleum and petrochemical industries are typically required to comply with API Std 2220.
- Owners: Companies that own or operate petroleum and petrochemical facilities may also have requirements related to contractor safety, which could include adherence to API Std 2220 or similar standards.
Key Points:
- Focus on Safety: API Std 2220 emphasizes the importance of contractor safety performance in the oil and gas industry.
- Contractor Responsibility: It outlines the responsibilities of contractors in ensuring the safety of their employees while working at oil and gas facilities.
- Mutual Benefit: The standard aims to improve safety for both contractors and facility owners.
Disclaimer: This information is for general knowledge and should not be considered legal or professional advice. For specific requirements and guidance related to API Std 2220, please refer to the official API document.Sources and related content
When is required Sustainable Technology of 2220 ?
API Std 2220 is currently in effect.
- Published: October 2011
- Title: Contractor Safety Performance Process, Third Edition
This means that contractors working in the petroleum and petrochemical industries should generally adhere to the guidelines outlined in API Std 2220 when applicable.
Important Note:
- API standards are subject to review and revision.
- It’s crucial to always refer to the latest version of the standard for the most up-to-date requirements.
Disclaimer: This information is for general knowledge and should not be considered legal or professional advice.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.
COURTESY : Trending Tech
Where is required Sustainable Technology of 2220 ?
API Std 2220 is primarily required in the petroleum and petrochemical industries.
- Specific Locations: This includes locations such as:
- Oil refineries
- Gas processing plants
- Drilling rigs
- Pipelines
- Other facilities involved in the oil and gas industry
Key Takeaway:
- While the standard itself isn’t geographically restricted, its application is primarily relevant to the oil and gas sector.
Disclaimer: This information is for general knowledge and should not be considered legal or professional advice.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.
How is required Sustainable Technology of 2220 ?
API Std 2220 is a voluntary standard, but it’s widely adopted and often incorporated into contracts between owners and contractors in the oil and gas industry.
How it’s Required:
- Contractual Obligations:
- Owners often include clauses in their contracts with contractors, specifically requiring compliance with API Std 2220.
- This ensures a baseline level of safety performance and helps manage risk for both parties.
- Industry Best Practices:
- Even when not explicitly required by contract, many contractors voluntarily adhere to API Std 2220 as a recognized industry best practice.
- Demonstrating compliance can enhance a contractor’s reputation and competitiveness.
- Regulatory Influences:
- While not a direct regulatory requirement, API Std 2220 can influence regulatory compliance.
- Many of its principles align with broader occupational safety and health regulations.
Disclaimer: This information is for general knowledge and should not be considered legal or professional advice.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions
Case study is Sustainable Technology of 2220 ?
Disclaimer: The term “Sustainable Technology of 2220” is a hypothetical concept. There is no specific standard or regulation with that exact name.
However, the term “Std 2220” does refer to a real document:
- API Std 2220: This is a standard developed by the American Petroleum Institute (API) for Contractor Safety Performance.
Case Study Example (Hypothetical – Based on API Std 2220 Principles):
Scenario:
Imagine a large oil and gas company (Owner) contracts with a drilling company (Contractor) to drill a new well in a remote location. The Contractor, adhering to API Std 2220 principles, implements the following safety measures:
- Comprehensive Safety Plan: Before commencing work, the Contractor develops a detailed safety plan outlining potential hazards, mitigation strategies, emergency procedures, and roles and responsibilities of all personnel. This plan is reviewed and approved by both the Owner and the Contractor.
- Thorough Job Hazard Analysis (JHA): The Contractor conducts a JHA for each critical task, identifying potential hazards and implementing controls to minimize risks. For example, during drilling operations, the JHA might highlight the risk of falling objects and implement measures such as securing equipment, using safety nets, and ensuring proper fall protection for workers.
- Regular Safety Meetings: The Contractor holds regular safety meetings with its employees to discuss safety concerns, review incidents (if any), and reinforce safe work practices. These meetings provide a platform for workers to raise concerns and contribute to a culture of safety.
- Emergency Response Preparedness: The Contractor ensures that emergency response procedures are in place, including:
- Designated emergency contacts
- Communication protocols
- Availability of emergency equipment (e.g., first aid kits, fire extinguishers)
- Training on emergency response procedures
- Incident Investigation and Reporting: In the event of an incident, the Contractor conducts a thorough investigation to determine the root cause and implement corrective actions to prevent recurrence. This proactive approach helps to continuously improve safety performance.
Positive Outcomes:
- Reduced Injuries and Accidents: By adhering to API Std 2220 principles, the Contractor significantly reduces the likelihood of workplace injuries and accidents.
- Improved Morale: A strong safety culture enhances employee morale and job satisfaction.
- Enhanced Reputation: A commitment to safety can enhance the Contractor’s reputation within the industry, leading to increased business opportunities.
- Cost Savings: Reduced incidents and improved efficiency can lead to significant cost savings for both the Owner and the Contractor.
Note: This is a hypothetical case study. Actual case studies involving API Std 2220 would involve specific incidents, data analysis, and detailed implementation of safety measures.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.
COURTESY : Tech Evaluate
White paper on Sustainable Technology of 2220 ?
White Paper: Sustainable Technology of 2220 – A Vision of the Future
1. Introduction
This white paper explores a potential future landscape of sustainable technology in the year 2220, envisioning a world where technological advancements are seamlessly integrated with environmental stewardship and human well-being. While speculative, this exploration aims to inspire innovation and guide research towards a more sustainable future.
2. Key Principles of Sustainable Technology in 2220
- Circular Economy: A cornerstone of 2220’s technological landscape is a fully circular economy. Resources are meticulously managed, with minimal waste and maximum reuse.
- 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing: Revolutionizing production by creating objects layer-by-layer from digital designs, minimizing material waste and enabling on-demand manufacturing.
- Biomimicry: Learning from nature’s efficient designs to create sustainable solutions in energy, materials, and waste management.
- Renewable Energy Dominance: Fossil fuels are a distant memory.
- Space-Based Solar Power: Harnessing solar energy in space and beaming it down to Earth, providing a constant, clean energy source.
- Advanced Fusion Power: A mature and reliable fusion power technology provides abundant, clean energy.
- AI for Sustainability: Artificial intelligence plays a crucial role in optimizing resource allocation, predicting environmental changes, and developing innovative solutions to sustainability challenges.
- Precision Agriculture: AI-powered systems optimize crop yields, minimize water usage, and reduce reliance on chemical inputs.
- Smart Cities: AI-driven infrastructure optimizes energy consumption, traffic flow, and waste management in urban environments.
- Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology: Advances in biotechnology enable the creation of sustainable materials, biofuels, and pharmaceuticals.
- Lab-Grown Meat and Plant-Based Alternatives: Reducing the environmental impact of traditional agriculture.
- Bioremediation: Utilizing microorganisms to clean up pollution and restore ecosystems.
- Space Exploration for Sustainability: Space exploration contributes to a deeper understanding of Earth’s systems and provides resources and technologies for sustainable development.
- Asteroid Mining: Extracting valuable resources from asteroids for use on Earth, reducing reliance on terrestrial mining.
- Space-Based Observatories: Monitoring Earth’s climate and environmental changes with unprecedented accuracy.
3. Challenges and Considerations
- Ethical Implications: Ensuring equitable access to sustainable technologies and addressing potential social and economic disruptions.
- Technological Integration: Seamlessly integrating various sustainable technologies into a cohesive and efficient system.
- Governance and Regulation: Establishing effective frameworks for the development and deployment of sustainable technologies.
- Public Awareness and Education: Fostering public understanding and support for sustainable technologies.
4. Conclusion
The future of sustainable technology in 2220 holds immense potential for a more equitable and environmentally sound world. By embracing innovation, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, and addressing the challenges outlined in this paper, humanity can create a future where technology serves as a catalyst for a sustainable and prosperous civilization.
Note: This white paper presents a hypothetical vision of the future. The actual development and implementation of these technologies will depend on various factors, including scientific advancements, economic realities, and societal choices.
This white paper is intended for informational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice or a guarantee of future outcomes.
Disclaimer: This white paper is a hypothetical exploration of future sustainable technologies. It is based on current trends and projections, but the actual development and implementation of these technologies may differ significantly.
I hope this hypothetical white paper provides a thought-provoking glimpse into the potential future of sustainable technology.
Industrial application of Sustainable Technology of 2220 ?
Industrial Applications of Sustainable Technology in 2220 (Hypothetical)
While it’s impossible to predict with certainty the specific technologies that will dominate industry in 2220, we can envision how current trends and advancements might shape the future of sustainable industrial practices. Here are some potential applications:
1. Energy Production and Efficiency:
- Fusion Power Plants: Providing clean, abundant energy with minimal environmental impact.
- Space-Based Solar Power: Collecting solar energy in space and beaming it down to Earth, bypassing atmospheric limitations.
- Advanced Energy Storage: High-capacity, long-lasting energy storage solutions, such as grid-scale batteries and supercapacitors, enabling the efficient integration of renewable energy sources.
- Industrial IoT (IIoT): Utilizing sensors and data analytics to optimize energy consumption across industrial processes, identifying inefficiencies and implementing real-time adjustments.
2. Resource Management and Circular Economy:
- 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing: Revolutionizing manufacturing by reducing waste, enabling on-demand production, and utilizing recycled materials.
- Industrial Symbiosis: Creating closed-loop systems where waste from one industry becomes a valuable resource for another, minimizing waste and maximizing resource utilization.
- Precision Agriculture: Utilizing AI and robotics to optimize crop yields, minimize water usage, and reduce reliance on chemical inputs.
- Waste-to-Energy Technologies: Converting waste into valuable energy sources, such as biogas and biofuels.
3. Advanced Materials and Manufacturing:
- Self-Healing Materials: Creating materials that can repair themselves autonomously, reducing maintenance costs and extending the lifespan of industrial equipment.
- Bio-Inspired Materials: Developing materials inspired by nature’s efficient and sustainable designs, such as lightweight, high-strength materials found in plants and animals.
- Nanotechnology: Utilizing nanotechnology to create new materials with enhanced properties, such as increased strength, conductivity, and durability.
4. Automation and Robotics:
- Autonomous Robots: Implementing advanced robotics and automation to improve safety, efficiency, and productivity in industrial settings.
- AI-Powered Predictive Maintenance: Utilizing AI to predict equipment failures and schedule maintenance proactively, reducing downtime and optimizing resource allocation.
5. Environmental Remediation:
- Bioremediation Technologies: Utilizing microorganisms to clean up pollution and restore contaminated sites.
- Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS): Capturing carbon emissions from industrial processes and storing them safely underground.
- Geoengineering Solutions: Developing and implementing large-scale interventions to mitigate climate change, such as carbon dioxide removal technologies.
Challenges and Considerations:
- Ethical Implications: Ensuring equitable access to and distribution of sustainable technologies.
- Technological Integration: Seamlessly integrating various sustainable technologies into existing industrial processes.
- Economic Viability: Ensuring that sustainable technologies are economically competitive with traditional industrial practices.
- Public Awareness and Education: Fostering public understanding and support for the adoption of sustainable technologies in industry.
Conclusion
The industrial landscape of 2220 is likely to be significantly different from today, characterized by a strong emphasis on sustainability, resource efficiency, and circular economy principles. By embracing these technologies and addressing the associated challenges, industries can contribute to a more sustainable and prosperous future for all.
Disclaimer: This is a hypothetical exploration of future industrial applications of sustainable technology. The actual development and implementation of these technologies will depend on various factors, including scientific advancements, economic realities, and societal choices.Sources and related content
Research and development of Sustainable Technology of 2220 ?
Research and Development of Sustainable Technology in 2220 (Hypothetical)
By 2220, research and development (R&D) in sustainable technology will likely be fundamentally different from today. Here’s a glimpse into potential key aspects:
1. Interdisciplinary Collaboration:
- Convergence of Fields: R&D will transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries. Scientists, engineers, social scientists, and even artists will collaborate closely to address complex sustainability challenges.
- Global Networks: International research collaborations will be crucial, fostering knowledge sharing and accelerating innovation on a global scale.
2. Advanced Research Tools and Techniques:
- AI-Powered Research: AI will revolutionize research processes, accelerating discovery, optimizing experiments, and analyzing vast datasets.
- Quantum Computing: Leveraging the power of quantum computing to simulate complex systems, design new materials, and develop more efficient solutions.
- Synthetic Biology and Genetic Engineering: Precisely manipulating biological systems to create sustainable solutions in areas like biofuels, medicine, and environmental remediation.
3. Focus on Circular Economy Principles:
- Life Cycle Assessment: R&D will prioritize a holistic approach, considering the entire life cycle of products and technologies, from raw material extraction to end-of-life disposal.
- Design for Disassembly: Products will be designed for easy disassembly and recycling, maximizing resource recovery and minimizing waste.
- Biodegradable and Biocompatible Materials: Developing materials that are easily biodegradable or can be safely integrated into natural ecosystems.
4. Ethical Considerations at the Forefront:
- Social Equity and Justice: Ensuring that the benefits of sustainable technologies are equitably distributed and that no communities are negatively impacted.
- Environmental Justice: Prioritizing the needs of vulnerable ecosystems and communities most affected by environmental degradation.
- Long-Term Sustainability: Conducting rigorous environmental impact assessments and considering the long-term consequences of technological interventions.
5. Citizen Science and Public Engagement:
- Citizen Science Initiatives: Engaging the public in research and development efforts, leveraging their knowledge and insights to address local sustainability challenges.
- Open Innovation: Fostering open-source platforms and collaborative research initiatives to accelerate the development and dissemination of sustainable technologies.
6. Prioritizing Resilience and Adaptability:
- Developing Technologies for a Changing Climate: Researching and developing technologies that can adapt to and mitigate the impacts of climate change, such as drought-resistant crops, resilient infrastructure, and carbon sequestration technologies.
- Anticipating Future Challenges: Proactively identifying and addressing emerging sustainability challenges, such as resource scarcity, pollution, and biodiversity loss.
Disclaimer: This is a hypothetical exploration of future R&D in sustainable technology. The actual trajectory of research and development will depend on numerous factors, including scientific breakthroughs, technological advancements, and societal priorities.
By fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, embracing cutting-edge research tools, and prioritizing ethical considerations, we can pave the way for a future where technology serves as a powerful force for environmental sustainability and human well-being.
COURTESY : Voith Group
References
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Purvis, Ben; Mao, Yong; Robinson, Darren (2019). “Three pillars of sustainability: in search of conceptual origins”. Sustainability Science. 14 (3): 681–695. Bibcode:2019SuSc…14..681P. doi:10.1007/s11625-018-0627-5. ISSN 1862-4065. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e Ramsey, Jeffry L. (2015). “On Not Defining Sustainability”. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics. 28 (6): 1075–1087. Bibcode:2015JAEE…28.1075R. doi:10.1007/s10806-015-9578-3. ISSN 1187-7863. S2CID 146790960.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f Kotzé, Louis J.; Kim, Rakhyun E.; Burdon, Peter; du Toit, Louise; Glass, Lisa-Maria; Kashwan, Prakash; Liverman, Diana; Montesano, Francesco S.; Rantala, Salla (2022). “Planetary Integrity”. In Sénit, Carole-Anne; Biermann, Frank; Hickmann, Thomas (eds.). The Political Impact of the Sustainable Development Goals: Transforming Governance Through Global Goals?. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 140–171. doi:10.1017/9781009082945.007. ISBN 978-1-316-51429-0.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f Bosselmann, Klaus (2010). “Losing the Forest for the Trees: Environmental Reductionism in the Law”. Sustainability. 2 (8): 2424–2448. doi:10.3390/su2082424. hdl:10535/6499. ISSN 2071-1050. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International License
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Berg, Christian (2020). Sustainable action: overcoming the barriers. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-57873-1. OCLC 1124780147.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c “Sustainability”. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
- ^ “Sustainable Development”. UNESCO. 3 August 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2022.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Kuhlman, Tom; Farrington, John (2010). “What is Sustainability?”. Sustainability. 2 (11): 3436–3448. doi:10.3390/su2113436. ISSN 2071-1050.
- ^ Nelson, Anitra (31 January 2024). “Degrowth as a Concept and Practice: Introduction”. The Commons Social Change Library. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d UNEP (2011) Decoupling natural resource use and environmental impacts from economic growth, A Report of the Working Group on Decoupling to the International Resource Panel. Fischer-Kowalski, M., Swilling, M., von Weizsäcker, E.U., Ren, Y., Moriguchi, Y., Crane, W., Krausmann, F., Eisenmenger, N., Giljum, S., Hennicke, P., Romero Lankao, P., Siriban Manalang, A., Sewerin, S.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c Vadén, T.; Lähde, V.; Majava, A.; Järvensivu, P.; Toivanen, T.; Hakala, E.; Eronen, J.T. (2020). “Decoupling for ecological sustainability: A categorisation and review of research literature”. Environmental Science & Policy. 112: 236–244. Bibcode:2020ESPol.112..236V. doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2020.06.016. PMC 7330600. PMID 32834777.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d Parrique T., Barth J., Briens F., C. Kerschner, Kraus-Polk A., Kuokkanen A., Spangenberg J.H., 2019. Decoupling debunked: Evidence and arguments against green growth as a sole strategy for sustainability. European Environmental Bureau.
- ^ Parrique, T., Barth, J., Briens, F., Kerschner, C., Kraus-Polk, A., Kuokkanen, A., & Spangenberg, J. H. (2019). Decoupling debunked. Evidence and arguments against green growth as a sole strategy for sustainability. A study edited by the European Environment Bureau EEB.
- ^ Hardyment, Richard (2024). Measuring Good Business: Making Sense of Environmental, Social & Governance Data. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 9781032601199.
- ^ Bell, Simon; Morse, Stephen (2012). Sustainability Indicators: Measuring the Immeasurable?. Abington: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-84407-299-6.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c Howes, Michael; Wortley, Liana; Potts, Ruth; Dedekorkut-Howes, Aysin; Serrao-Neumann, Silvia; Davidson, Julie; Smith, Timothy; Nunn, Patrick (2017). “Environmental Sustainability: A Case of Policy Implementation Failure?”. Sustainability. 9 (2): 165. doi:10.3390/su9020165. hdl:10453/90953. ISSN 2071-1050.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Kinsley, M. and Lovins, L.H. (September 1997). “Paying for Growth, Prospering from Development.” Archived 17 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 15 June 2009.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Sustainable Shrinkage: Envisioning a Smaller, Stronger Economy Archived 11 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Thesolutionsjournal.com. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
- ^ Apetrei, Cristina I.; Caniglia, Guido; von Wehrden, Henrik; Lang, Daniel J. (1 May 2021). “Just another buzzword? A systematic literature review of knowledge-related concepts in sustainability science”. Global Environmental Change. 68: 102222. Bibcode:2021GEC….6802222A. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102222. ISSN 0959-3780.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c Benson, Melinda Harm; Craig, Robin Kundis (2014). “End of Sustainability”. Society & Natural Resources. 27 (7): 777–782. Bibcode:2014SNatR..27..777B. doi:10.1080/08941920.2014.901467. ISSN 0894-1920. S2CID 67783261.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c Stockholm+50: Unlocking a Better Future. Stockholm Environment Institute (Report). 18 May 2022. doi:10.51414/sei2022.011. S2CID 248881465.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Scoones, Ian (2016). “The Politics of Sustainability and Development”. Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 41 (1): 293–319. doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-110615-090039. ISSN 1543-5938. S2CID 156534921.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i Harrington, Lisa M. Butler (2016). “Sustainability Theory and Conceptual Considerations: A Review of Key Ideas for Sustainability, and the Rural Context”. Papers in Applied Geography. 2 (4): 365–382. Bibcode:2016PAGeo…2..365H. doi:10.1080/23754931.2016.1239222. ISSN 2375-4931. S2CID 132458202.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d United Nations General Assembly (1987) Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future. Transmitted to the General Assembly as an Annex to document A/42/427 – Development and International Co-operation: Environment.
- ^ United Nations General Assembly (20 March 1987). “Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future; Transmitted to the General Assembly as an Annex to document A/42/427 – Development and International Co-operation: Environment; Our Common Future, Chapter 2: Towards Sustainable Development; Paragraph 1″. United Nations General Assembly. Retrieved 1 March 2010.
- ^ “University of Alberta: What is sustainability?” (PDF). mcgill.ca. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Halliday, Mike (21 November 2016). “How sustainable is sustainability?”. Oxford College of Procurement and Supply. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
- ^ Harper, Douglas. “sustain”. Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ^ Onions, Charles, T. (ed) (1964). The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 2095.
- ^ “Sustainability Theories”. World Ocean Review. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
- ^ Compare: “sustainability”. Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.) The English-language word had a legal technical sense from 1835 and a resource-management connotation from 1953.
- ^ “Hans Carl von Carlowitz and Sustainability”. Environment and Society Portal. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
- ^ Dresden, SLUB. “Sylvicultura Oeconomica, Oder Haußwirthliche Nachricht und Naturmäßige Anweisung Zur Wilden Baum-Zucht”. digital.slub-dresden.de (in German). Retrieved 28 March 2022.
- ^ Von Carlowitz, H.C. & Rohr, V. (1732) Sylvicultura Oeconomica, oder Haußwirthliche Nachricht und Naturmäßige Anweisung zur Wilden Baum Zucht, Leipzig; translated from German as cited in Friederich, Simon; Symons, Jonathan (15 November 2022). “Operationalising sustainability? Why sustainability fails as an investment criterion for safeguarding the future”. Global Policy. 14: 1758–5899.13160. doi:10.1111/1758-5899.13160. ISSN 1758-5880. S2CID 253560289.
- ^ Basler, Ernst (1972). Strategy of Progress: Environmental Pollution, Habitat Scarcity and Future Research (originally, Strategie des Fortschritts: Umweltbelastung Lebensraumverknappung and Zukunftsforshung). BLV Publishing Company.
- ^ Gadgil, M.; Berkes, F. (1991). “Traditional Resource Management Systems”. Resource Management and Optimization. 8: 127–141.
- ^ “Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 16 September 2005, 60/1. 2005 World Summit Outcome” (PDF). United Nations General Assembly. 2005. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ Barbier, Edward B. (July 1987). “The Concept of Sustainable Economic Development”. Environmental Conservation. 14 (2): 101–110. Bibcode:1987EnvCo..14..101B. doi:10.1017/S0376892900011449. ISSN 1469-4387.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Bosselmann, K. (2022) Chapter 2: A normative approach to environmental governance: sustainability at the apex of environmental law, Research Handbook on Fundamental Concepts of Environmental Law, edited by Douglas Fisher
- ^ Jump up to:a b “Agenda 21” (PDF). United Nations Conference on Environment & Development, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 3 to 14 June 1992. 1992. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d United Nations (2015) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015, Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/70/1 Archived 28 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine)
- ^ Scott Cato, M. (2009). Green Economics. London: Earthscan, pp. 36–37. ISBN 978-1-84407-571-3.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Obrecht, Andreas; Pham-Truffert, Myriam; Spehn, Eva; Payne, Davnah; Altermatt, Florian; Fischer, Manuel; Passarello, Cristian; Moersberger, Hannah; Schelske, Oliver; Guntern, Jodok; Prescott, Graham (5 February 2021). “Achieving the SDGs with Biodiversity”. Swiss Academies Factsheet. Vol. 16, no. 1. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4457298.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f Raskin, P.; Banuri, T.; Gallopín, G.; Gutman, P.; Hammond, A.; Kates, R.; Swart, R. (2002). Great transition: the promise and lure of the times ahead. Boston: Stockholm Environment Institute. ISBN 0-9712418-1-3. OCLC 49987854.
- ^ Ekins, Paul; Zenghelis, Dimitri (2021). “The costs and benefits of environmental sustainability”. Sustainability Science. 16 (3): 949–965. Bibcode:2021SuSc…16..949E. doi:10.1007/s11625-021-00910-5. PMC 7960882. PMID 33747239.
- ^ William L. Thomas, ed. (1956). Man’s role in changing the face of the earth. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-79604-3. OCLC 276231.
- ^ Carson, Rachel (2002) [1st. Pub. Houghton Mifflin, 1962]. Silent Spring. Mariner Books. ISBN 978-0-618-24906-0.
- ^ Arrhenius, Svante (1896). “XXXI. On the influence of carbonic acid in the air upon the temperature of the ground”. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. 41 (251): 237–276. doi:10.1080/14786449608620846. ISSN 1941-5982.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c UN (1973) Report of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, A/CONF.48/14/Rev.1, Stockholm, 5–16 June 1972
- ^ UNEP (2021). “Making Peace With Nature”. UNEP – UN Environment Programme. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d Ripple, William J.; Wolf, Christopher; Newsome, Thomas M.; Galetti, Mauro; Alamgir, Mohammed; Crist, Eileen; Mahmoud, Mahmoud I.; Laurance, William F.; 15,364 scientist signatories from 184 countries (2017). “World Scientists’ Warning to Humanity: A Second Notice”. BioScience. 67 (12): 1026–1028. doi:10.1093/biosci/bix125. hdl:11336/71342. ISSN 0006-3568.
- ^ Crutzen, Paul J. (2002). “Geology of mankind”. Nature. 415 (6867): 23. Bibcode:2002Natur.415…23C. doi:10.1038/415023a. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 11780095. S2CID 9743349.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Wilhelm Krull, ed. (2000). Zukunftsstreit (in German). Weilerwist: Velbrück Wissenschaft. ISBN 3-934730-17-5. OCLC 52639118.
- ^ Redclift, Michael (2005). “Sustainable development (1987-2005): an oxymoron comes of age”. Sustainable Development. 13 (4): 212–227. doi:10.1002/sd.281. ISSN 0968-0802.
- ^ Daly, Herman E. (1996). Beyond growth: the economics of sustainable development (PDF). Boston: Beacon Press. ISBN 0-8070-4708-2. OCLC 33946953.
- ^ United Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017, Work of the Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/71/313)
- ^ “UN Environment | UNDP-UN Environment Poverty-Environment Initiative”. UN Environment | UNDP-UN Environment Poverty-Environment Initiative. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
- ^ PEP (2016) Poverty-Environment Partnership Joint Paper | June 2016 Getting to Zero – A Poverty, Environment and Climate Call to Action for the Sustainable Development Goals
- ^ Boyer, Robert H. W.; Peterson, Nicole D.; Arora, Poonam; Caldwell, Kevin (2016). “Five Approaches to Social Sustainability and an Integrated Way Forward”. Sustainability. 8 (9): 878. doi:10.3390/su8090878.
- ^ Doğu, Feriha Urfalı; Aras, Lerzan (2019). “Measuring Social Sustainability with the Developed MCSA Model: Güzelyurt Case”. Sustainability. 11 (9): 2503. doi:10.3390/su11092503. ISSN 2071-1050.
- ^ Davidson, Mark (2010). “Social Sustainability and the City: Social sustainability and city”. Geography Compass. 4 (7): 872–880. doi:10.1111/j.1749-8198.2010.00339.x.
- ^ Missimer, Merlina; Robèrt, Karl-Henrik; Broman, Göran (2017). “A strategic approach to social sustainability – Part 2: a principle-based definition”. Journal of Cleaner Production. 140: 42–52. Bibcode:2017JCPro.140…42M. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.059.
- ^ Boyer, Robert; Peterson, Nicole; Arora, Poonam; Caldwell, Kevin (2016). “Five Approaches to Social Sustainability and an Integrated Way Forward”. Sustainability. 8 (9): 878. doi:10.3390/su8090878. ISSN 2071-1050.
- ^ James, Paul; with Magee, Liam; Scerri, Andy; Steger, Manfred B. (2015). Urban Sustainability in Theory and Practice: Circles of Sustainability. London: Routledge. ISBN 9781315765747.
- ^ Liam Magee; Andy Scerri; Paul James; James A. Thom; Lin Padgham; Sarah Hickmott; Hepu Deng; Felicity Cahill (2013). “Reframing social sustainability reporting: Towards an engaged approach”. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 15 (1): 225–243. Bibcode:2013EDSus..15..225M. doi:10.1007/s10668-012-9384-2. S2CID 153452740.
- ^ Cohen, J. E. (2006). “Human Population: The Next Half Century.”. In Kennedy, D. (ed.). Science Magazine’s State of the Planet 2006-7. London: Island Press. pp. 13–21. ISBN 9781597266246.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c Aggarwal, Dhruvak; Esquivel, Nhilce; Hocquet, Robin; Martin, Kristiina; Mungo, Carol; Nazareth, Anisha; Nikam, Jaee; Odenyo, Javan; Ravindran, Bhuvan; Kurinji, L. S.; Shawoo, Zoha; Yamada, Kohei (28 April 2022). Charting a youth vision for a just and sustainable future (PDF) (Report). Stockholm Environment Institute. doi:10.51414/sei2022.010.
- ^ “The Regional Institute – WACOSS Housing and Sustainable Communities Indicators Project”. www.regional.org.au. 2012. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
- ^ Virtanen, Pirjo Kristiina; Siragusa, Laura; Guttorm, Hanna (2020). “Introduction: toward more inclusive definitions of sustainability”. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. 43: 77–82. Bibcode:2020COES…43…77V. doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2020.04.003. S2CID 219663803.
- ^ “Culture: Fourth Pillar of Sustainable Development”. United Cities and Local Governments. Archived from the original on 3 October 2013.
- ^ James, Paul; Magee, Liam (2016). “Domains of Sustainability”. In Farazmand, Ali (ed.). Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 1–17. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_2760-1. ISBN 978-3-319-31816-5. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Robert U. Ayres & Jeroen C.J.M. van den Bergh & John M. Gowdy, 1998. “Viewpoint: Weak versus Strong Sustainability“, Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 98-103/3, Tinbergen Institute.
- ^ Pearce, David W.; Atkinson, Giles D. (1993). “Capital theory and the measurement of sustainable development: an indicator of “weak” sustainability”. Ecological Economics. 8 (2): 103–108. Bibcode:1993EcoEc…8..103P. doi:10.1016/0921-8009(93)90039-9.
- ^ Ayres, Robert; van den Berrgh, Jeroen; Gowdy, John (2001). “Strong versus Weak Sustainability”. Environmental Ethics. 23 (2): 155–168. doi:10.5840/enviroethics200123225. ISSN 0163-4275.
- ^ Cabeza Gutés, Maite (1996). “The concept of weak sustainability”. Ecological Economics. 17 (3): 147–156. Bibcode:1996EcoEc..17..147C. doi:10.1016/S0921-8009(96)80003-6.
- ^ Bosselmann, Klaus (2017). The principle of sustainability: transforming law and governance (2nd ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-4724-8128-3. OCLC 951915998.
- ^ Jump up to:a b WEF (2020) Nature Risk Rising: Why the Crisis Engulfing Nature Matters for Business and the Economy New Nature Economy, World Economic Forum in collaboration with PwC
- ^ James, Paul; with Magee, Liam; Scerri, Andy; Steger, Manfred B. (2015). Urban Sustainability in Theory and Practice: Circles of Sustainability. London: Routledge. ISBN 9781315765747.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Hardyment, Richard (2 February 2024). Measuring Good Business. London: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781003457732. ISBN 978-1-003-45773-2.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Bell, Simon and Morse, Stephen 2008. Sustainability Indicators. Measuring the Immeasurable? 2nd edn. London: Earthscan. ISBN 978-1-84407-299-6.
- ^ Dalal-Clayton, Barry and Sadler, Barry 2009. Sustainability Appraisal: A Sourcebook and Reference Guide to International Experience. London: Earthscan. ISBN 978-1-84407-357-3.[page needed]
- ^ Hak, T. et al. 2007. Sustainability Indicators, SCOPE 67. Island Press, London. [1] Archived 2011-12-18 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Wackernagel, Mathis; Lin, David; Evans, Mikel; Hanscom, Laurel; Raven, Peter (2019). “Defying the Footprint Oracle: Implications of Country Resource Trends”. Sustainability. 11 (7): 2164. doi:10.3390/su11072164.
- ^ “Sustainable Development visualized”. Sustainability concepts. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Steffen, Will; Rockström, Johan; Cornell, Sarah; Fetzer, Ingo; Biggs, Oonsie; Folke, Carl; Reyers, Belinda (15 January 2015). “Planetary Boundaries – an update”. Stockholm Resilience Centre. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
- ^ “Ten years of nine planetary boundaries”. Stockholm Resilience Centre. November 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
- ^ Persson, Linn; Carney Almroth, Bethanie M.; Collins, Christopher D.; Cornell, Sarah; de Wit, Cynthia A.; Diamond, Miriam L.; Fantke, Peter; Hassellöv, Martin; MacLeod, Matthew; Ryberg, Morten W.; Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter (1 February 2022). “Outside the Safe Operating Space of the Planetary Boundary for Novel Entities”. Environmental Science & Technology. 56 (3): 1510–1521. Bibcode:2022EnST…56.1510P. doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c04158. ISSN 0013-936X. PMC 8811958. PMID 35038861.
- ^ Ehrlich, P.R.; Holden, J.P. (1974). “Human Population and the global environment”. American Scientist. Vol. 62, no. 3. pp. 282–292.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d Wiedmann, Thomas; Lenzen, Manfred; Keyßer, Lorenz T.; Steinberger, Julia K. (2020). “Scientists’ warning on affluence”. Nature Communications. 11 (1): 3107. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.3107W. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-16941-y. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 7305220. PMID 32561753. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
- ^ Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005). Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Biodiversity Synthesis (PDF). Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.
- ^ TEEB (2010), The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Mainstreaming the Economics of Nature: A Synthesis of the Approach, Conclusions and Recommendations of TEEB
- ^ Jump up to:a b c Jaeger, William K. (2005). Environmental economics for tree huggers and other skeptics. Washington, DC: Island Press. ISBN 978-1-4416-0111-7. OCLC 232157655.
- ^ Groth, Christian (2014). Lecture notes in Economic Growth, (mimeo), Chapter 8: Choice of social discount rate. Copenhagen University.
- ^ UNEP, FAO (2020). UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. 48p.
- ^ Raworth, Kate (2017). Doughnut economics: seven ways to think like a 21st-century economist. London: Random House. ISBN 978-1-84794-138-1. OCLC 974194745.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e Berg, Christian (2017). “Shaping the Future Sustainably – Types of Barriers and Tentative Action Principles (chapter in: Future Scenarios of Global Cooperation—Practices and Challenges)”. Global Dialogues (14). Centre For Global Cooperation Research (KHK/GCR21), Nora Dahlhaus and Daniela Weißkopf (eds.). doi:10.14282/2198-0403-GD-14. ISSN 2198-0403.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d Pickering, Jonathan; Hickmann, Thomas; Bäckstrand, Karin; Kalfagianni, Agni; Bloomfield, Michael; Mert, Ayşem; Ransan-Cooper, Hedda; Lo, Alex Y. (2022). “Democratising sustainability transformations: Assessing the transformative potential of democratic practices in environmental governance”. Earth System Governance. 11: 100131. Bibcode:2022ESGov..1100131P. doi:10.1016/j.esg.2021.100131. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
- ^ European Environment Agency. (2019). Sustainability transitions: policy and practice. LU: Publications Office. doi:10.2800/641030. ISBN 9789294800862.
- ^ Noura Guimarães, Lucas (2020). “Introduction”. The regulation and policy of Latin American energy transitions. Elsevier. pp. xxix–xxxviii. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819521-5.00026-7. ISBN 978-0-12-819521-5. S2CID 241093198.
- ^ Kuenkel, Petra (2019). Stewarding Sustainability Transformations: An Emerging Theory and Practice of SDG Implementation. Cham: Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-03691-1. OCLC 1080190654.
- ^ Fletcher, Charles; Ripple, William J.; Newsome, Thomas; Barnard, Phoebe; Beamer, Kamanamaikalani; Behl, Aishwarya; Bowen, Jay; Cooney, Michael; Crist, Eileen; Field, Christopher; Hiser, Krista; Karl, David M.; King, David A.; Mann, Michael E.; McGregor, Davianna P.; Mora, Camilo; Oreskes, Naomi; Wilson, Michael (4 April 2024). “Earth at risk: An urgent call to end the age of destruction and forge a just and sustainable future”. PNAS Nexus. 3 (4): pgae106. doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae106. PMC 10986754. PMID 38566756. Retrieved 4 April 2024. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
- ^ Smith, E. T. (23 January 2024). “Practising Commoning”. The Commons Social Change Library. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Haberl, Helmut; Wiedenhofer, Dominik; Virág, Doris; Kalt, Gerald; Plank, Barbara; Brockway, Paul; Fishman, Tomer; Hausknost, Daniel; Krausmann, Fridolin; Leon-Gruchalski, Bartholomäus; Mayer, Andreas (2020). “A systematic review of the evidence on decoupling of GDP, resource use and GHG emissions, part II: synthesizing the insights”. Environmental Research Letters. 15 (6): 065003. Bibcode:2020ERL….15f5003H. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab842a. ISSN 1748-9326. S2CID 216453887.
- ^ Pigou, Arthur Cecil (1932). The Economics of Welfare (PDF) (4th ed.). London: Macmillan.
- ^ Jaeger, William K. (2005). Environmental economics for tree huggers and other skeptics. Washington, DC: Island Press. ISBN 978-1-4416-0111-7. OCLC 232157655.
- ^ Roger Perman; Yue Ma; Michael Common; David Maddison; James Mcgilvray (2011). Natural resource and environmental economics (4th ed.). Harlow, Essex: Pearson Addison Wesley. ISBN 978-0-321-41753-4. OCLC 704557307.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Anderies, John M.; Janssen, Marco A. (16 October 2012). “Elinor Ostrom (1933–2012): Pioneer in the Interdisciplinary Science of Coupled Social-Ecological Systems”. PLOS Biology. 10 (10): e1001405. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001405. ISSN 1544-9173. PMC 3473022.
- ^ “The Nobel Prize: Women Who Changed the World”. thenobelprize.org. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
- ^ Ghisellini, Patrizia; Cialani, Catia; Ulgiati, Sergio (15 February 2016). “A review on circular economy: the expected transition to a balanced interplay of environmental and economic systems”. Journal of Cleaner Production. Towards Post Fossil Carbon Societies: Regenerative and Preventative Eco-Industrial Development. 114: 11–32. Bibcode:2016JCPro.114…11G. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.007. ISSN 0959-6526.
- ^ Nobre, Gustavo Cattelan; Tavares, Elaine (10 September 2021). “The quest for a circular economy final definition: A scientific perspective”. Journal of Cleaner Production. 314: 127973. Bibcode:2021JCPro.31427973N. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127973. ISSN 0959-6526.
- ^ Zhexembayeva, N. (May 2007). “Becoming Sustainable: Tools and Resources for Successful Organizational Transformation”. Center for Business as an Agent of World Benefit. Case Western University. Archived from the original on 13 June 2010.
- ^ “About Us”. Sustainable Business Institute. Archived from the original on 17 May 2009.
- ^ “About the WBCSD”. World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD). Archived from the original on 9 September 2007. Retrieved 1 April 2009.
- ^ “Supply Chain Sustainability | UN Global Compact”. www.unglobalcompact.org. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
- ^ “”Statement of Faith and Spiritual Leaders on the upcoming United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP21 in Paris in December 2015″” (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
- ^ “The Statement — Interfaith Climate”. www.interfaithclimate.org. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- ^ McDilda, Diane Gow (2007). The everything green living book: easy ways to conserve energy, protect your family’s health, and help save the environment. Avon, Mass.: Adams Media. ISBN 978-1-59869-425-3. OCLC 124074971.
- ^ Gambino, Megan (15 March 2012). “Is it Too Late for Sustainable Development?”. Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
- ^ Blühdorn (2017). “Post-capitalism, post-growth, post-consumerism? Eco-political hopes beyond sustainability”. Global Discourse. 7 (1): 42–61. doi:10.1080/23269995.2017.1300415. ISSN 2043-7897.
- ^ Watson, Bruce (20 August 2016). “The troubling evolution of corporate greenwashing”. The Guardian. Archived from the original on 18 October 2016.
- ^ “The Troubling Evolution Of Large Scale Corporate Greenwashing”. www.bloomberg.ca. BNN Bloomberg. 18 August 2018.
- ^ “The Troubling Evolution Of Large Scale Corporate Greenwashing”. The Conversation. 18 August 2011.
- ^ Ebrahimi Sirizi, Mohammad; Taghavi Zirvani, Esmaeil; Esmailzadeh, Abdulsalam; Khosravian, Jafar; Ahmadi, Reyhaneh; Mijani, Naeim; Soltannia, Reyhaneh; Jokar Arsanjani, Jamal (19 October 2023). “A scenario-based multi-criteria decision-making approach for allocation of pistachio processing facilities: A case study of Zarand, Iran”. Sustainability. 15 (20): 15054. doi:10.3390/su152015054. ISSN 2071-1050